实战篇笔记-山竹记账后端（三）

安装 RSpec

看文档

1. Gemfile 文件

group :development, :test do
  gem "debug", platforms: %i[ mri mingw x64_mingw ]
  gem 'rspec-rails', '~> 6.0.0' #新增
end

2. 终端运行

# Download and install
$ bundle install

# Generate boilerplate configuration files
# (check the comments in each generated file for more information)
$ bin/rails generate rspec:install
    create  .rspec
    create  spec
    create  spec/spec_helper.rb
    create  spec/rails_helper.rb

# 创建测试 model 文件
$ bin/rails generate rspec:model user
    create  spec/models/user_spec.rb

3. 配置测试数据库

# config/database.yml 
test:
  <<: *default
  database: 
  username: 
  password: 
  host: 

4. 在测试环境创建数据库

# 测试环境 创建数据库
RAILS_ENV=test bin/rails db:create
# 测试环境 迁移数据库
RAILS_ENV=test bin/rails db:migrate

5. 启动测试用例

bundle exec rspec

如何测试请求

创建测试请求文件

$ bin/rails generate rspec:request items
    create  spec/requests/items_spec.rb

具体测试用例看项目代码

如何使用 SecureRandom

1. 创建测试请求文件

$ bin/rails generate rspec:request validation_codes
    create  spec/requests/validation_codes_spec.rb

2. 完善 controller

ActiveRecord::SecureToken::ClassMethods

# app/controllers/api/v1/validation_codes_controller.rb
class Api::V1::ValidationCodesController < ApplicationController
  def create
    code = SecureRandom.random_number.to_s[2..7]
    validation_code = ValidationCode.new email: params[:email], kind: 'sign_in', code: code
    if validation_code.save
      head 200
    else
      reder json: {errors: validation_code.errors}
    end
  end
end

# app/models/validation_code.rb
class ValidationCode < ApplicationRecord
    has_secure_token :code, length: 24
end

Ctrl + P 搜索 schema.rb 可以查看有数据表哪些字段